リスニング対策③：青山学院大（英米文A方式）

青山学院大（英米文）A方式リスニング

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 1. In Svalbard it is bright and the sun can be seen for most of the day ( 　　　).

①all of the year round
②for six months of the year
③only in July and August
④only in November and December

 

2. Svalbard is in the (　　　 ).

①Pacific Ocean　　②Atlantic Ocean　　③Antarctic Ocean　　④Arctic Ocean

 

3. Around ( 　　　) people live in Longyearbyen.

①1000　　②2000　　③2500　　④3500

 

4. You can only move to live in Svalbard if you have ( 　　　).

①a job　　②a visa　　③a Norwegian passport　　④a university degree

 

5. The first Dutch people came to Svalbard in ( 　　　).

①1200　　②1596　　③1906　　④1956

 

6. During most of the 20th century the main industry in Svalbard was ( 　　　).

①hunting whales　②coal mining　③tourism　④education

 

7. What is one way of traveling between the towns on Svalbard?

①Car　　②Boat　　③Truck　　④Plane

 

8. In Svalbard today there are no ( 　　　).

①universities　　②places to bury people　　③churches　　④roads

9. The main reason many seeds from around the world have been stored in Svalbard is because ( 　　　).

①there is very little crime
②it is very quiet
③the temperature is always low
④There are many empty buildings

10. The recent rising temperatures in Svalbard have caused an increase in (　　　 ).

①tourism
②the number of polar bears
③mudslides and flooding
④immigration

＜スクリプト＞

   Snow-capped mountains are the first thing visitors may spot from the airplane, windows when they arrive in the Norwegian group of islands called Svalbard – that is, if they arrive during the bright half of the year, when the sun can be seen neatly 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. During the other half of the year, it’s very dark.

   Located 800km north of mainland Norway in the middle of the Arctic Ocean, Svalbard is full of wonderful things: it’s the world’s northernmost year-round settlement; It’s home to the world’s northernmost university and church; and it’s one of the few places in the world where anyone can move to live. In fact, of the nearly 2,400 people who live in Svalbard’s capital Longyearbyen, almost a third are immigrants, originally coming from more than 50 countries. That’s because citizens of any country are welcome to settle in Svalbard without a visa as long as they have a job and a place to live.

   It’s believed the Vikings were the first to explore the islands in around 1200, though Dutch explorers were the first to pay a visit while trying to find the Northeast Passage to China in l596. The following centuries brought whale hunters from England, Denmark, and France. In 1906, American businessman John Muno Longyear established the islands’ first coal mine, which remained Svalbard’s primary industry during most of the 20th Century. These days, the main activities on Svalbard are tourism and environmental research.

   The islands went ungoverned until 1920, when, after World War One, a treaty that guaranteed Norway’s rule over Svalbard was signed by nine countries. The treaty says the territory cannot be used for military purposes and makes Norway responsible for preserving the islands’ natural environment. The most striking feature of the agreement, however, is the part that states there must be no distinction between the treatment of Norwegians and non-Norwegians.

    Longyearbyen is where most people live when they move to Svalbard. There are only 40km of roads on the islands and no roads between different settlements – which are only accessible by boat in the summer or by snowmobile in winter. Anyone who leaves the city usually carries a rifle in case they encounter a polar bear. After all, the island’s roughly 3,000 polar bears are greater in number than its 2,900 humans.

   Svalbard is not the most ideal place to be born – or even die. There are no hospitals for pregnant women, and if someone dies, the local government requires the body to be flown to mainland Norway.

   Svalbard’s year-round low temperatures – the average high is just 7 degrees centigrade in summer – also proved ideal for the Global Seed Bank, which stands just about 3km away from Longyearbyen’s main road. It has stored more than 980,000 seeds from across the globe since 2008 as a backup in case of a global disaster that causes all crops to fail.

   But, as temperatures rise, even the bank might not be completely safe. In 2017, its entrance was flooded after part of the ice melted. Longyearbyen was not designed with rainwater in mind and mudslides and floods have recently become a threat. The average temperature in Svalbard has risen by 4 degrees since 1971, five times quicker than the rest of the planet – making it the fastest-warming place in the world.

 

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