Listening Test
No.1
1 Graduates from them rely on connections to get jobs.
2 Students often graduate from them with debts.
3 They give loans to fewer students these days.
4 They do not offer enough course options.
No.2
1 Not visiting more than one college.
2 Not getting job training while studying.
3 Choosing a major based on job trends.
4 Choosing a college based on tuition.
語彙のチェック
make some tough choices:厳しい選択をする
select a college or major：大学や専攻を選ぶ
tuition is so costly that students usually take out large loans.
授業料が非常に高額であるため、学生たちは通常、多額のローンを組む。
leave them in debt: 多額の借金を抱える
What is more：さらに、その上
fail to：～しそこなう
have a severe impact on their lifetime earnings: 生涯収入に深刻な影響を与える
an affordable college：手頃な授業料の大学
essential:不可欠な、重要な
at times when jobs in that field are more plentiful. その分野の仕事が豊富な時に
large numbers of employees:大量の従業員
due to economic changes: 経済的な変化により
recommends (that) freshmen choose a major they are personally interested in,
and that they also select a college
このandの後ろのthatは、前のthat節とthat節A and that節Bと結んでいて、省略することができません。
新入生が自分自身の興味に基づいて専攻を選択し、さらに大学を選択することを勧めています。
based on cost and graduation rates: コストと卒業率に基づいて
解説：なぜまちがえたのか？
What does Peter Cappelli say about American colleges? 本文にtuition is so costly that students usually take out large loans, which leave them in debt when they graduate.とあるので、正解は…2. Students often graduate from them with debts.
According to Cappelli, what can be risky for freshmen? これは難しいと思います。設問で「どんな危険性があるか？」と言っているので、本文にMany people select their major at times when jobs in that field are more plentiful. Cappelli, however, advises against this. とあるので、正解は…3. Choosing a major based on job trends.
スクリプト
Wharton business school professor Peter Cappelli says young Americans must make some tough choices when selecting a college or major. Cappelli says tuition is so costly that students usually take out large loans, which leave them in debt when they graduate. What is more, 40 percent fail to graduate within six years, which has a severe impact on their lifetime earnings. Choosing an affordable college is therefore essential.
Many people select their major at times when jobs in that field are more plentiful. Cappelli, however, advises against this. He says that industries requiring large numbers of employees one year may stop hiring the next year due to economic changes. Cappelli recommends freshmen choose a major they are personally interested in, and that they also select a college based on cost and graduation rates.
全訳
ウォートン・ビジネス・スクールの教授であるピーター・カペリは、若いアメリカ人が大学や専攻を選ぶ際には厳しい選択をしなければならないと述べています。カペリによれば、授業料が非常に高額であるため、学生たちは通常、多額のローンを組むことになり、卒業後には多額の借金を抱えることになります。さらに、40%の学生が6年以内に卒業できず、これが彼らの生涯収入に深刻な影響を与えています。したがって、手頃な授業料の大学を選ぶことが重要です。
多くの人々が、その分野の仕事が豊富な時に専攻を選択しますが、カペリはこれに反対しています。経済的な変化により、ある年に大量の従業員を必要とする産業が、次の年には採用を停止する可能性があると述べています。カペリは、新入生が自分自身の興味に基づいて専攻を選択し、さらにコストと卒業率に基づいて大学を選択することを勧めています。
解答
Q1ー２ Q2ー３
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